肖湘 张铁良
摘 要:目的分析股骨转子下骨折内固定失败的原因,提出避免并发症的方法.方法 1993年1月至2004年1月,收治股骨转子下骨折内固定失败患者39例,男34例,女5例;年龄21~65岁,平均37岁.致伤原因:骑自行车摔伤3例,步行摔伤1例,车祸伤28例,高处坠落伤7例.骨折类型:Sein-sheimerⅡA型5例,ⅡB型2例,ⅡC型1例,ⅢA型18例,ⅢB型1例,Ⅳ型3例,V型9例.原手术方式包括切开复位钢丝捆扎固定1例,切开复位梅花钉加钢丝捆扎固定13例,闭合复位Russell-Taylor重建钉固定1例,切开复位135°动力髋螺钉固定6例,切开复位钢板固定18例.术后8周内失败2例,8周至6个月失败26例,超过6个月失败11例.内固定失败形式包括骨折内翻畸形35例、拉力螺钉切出股骨头2例、股骨干过度内移2例.内固定失败原因是术中骨折未解剖复位、内固定不坚强、过早完全负重以及拉力螺钉位置不良.结果对骨折内固定进行翻修,切开复位梅花钉固定2例,交锁髓内钉固定23例,135°动力髋螺钉固定6例,钢板固定4例,人工关节置换4例.随访19~37个月,平均23个月.骨折愈合时间11~13个月,平均11.5个月.结论由于偏心负载,股骨转子下区可以产生很高的弯曲负荷.采用髓外内固定时,术中应重建股骨内侧皮质稳定性并植骨.
关键词:股骨骨折;髋骨折;内固定器;手术后并发症
The reasons of internal fixation failure for subtrochanteric fractures of the femur
XIAO Xiang ZHANG Tie-liang
作者单位:肖湘(300211,天津医院创伤骨科)
张铁良(300211,天津医院创伤骨科)
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收稿日期:2005年9月27日
出版日期:2006年3月25日
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